The Marine Science Center at the University of Basra organized a training course entitled "Using Statistical Software

for Environmental and Biological Data: Principal Component Analysis (PCA) (multivariate)."

This course aimed to enable researchers and professionals to transform complex environmental and biological data into clear and actionable insights, whether to understand natural systems or to solve applied problems.

The course, taught by Dr. Ali Taha Yassin and a number of lecturers, included the use of statistical software such as XLSTAT

to perform PCA and understand how to interpret eigenvalues, eigenvectors, and projections of samples and variables on graphs, while pointing out how to avoid misuse by recognizing the conditions for applying PCA (such as data measurement and scaling) and identifying its limitations.

Marine Science Center