Under the patronage of the esteemed President of the University of Basra, Prof. Dr. Saad Shaheen Hammadi, and under the supervision of the Director-General of the Center for Marine Sciences, the esteemed Prof. Dr. Abdul-Zahra Abdul-Rasoul
The Marine Biology Department at the Marine Science Center held a workshop entitled “Basics of Bawadi Design for Prokaryotic Biology.”

The workshop organizers, Dr. Negm Mohsen Aziz and Dr. Rafid Muhammad Karim presented theoretical and practical lectures that included several topics, the most important of which were:

First, the theoretical part
1- Introducing the deserts
2- its importance
3- Introducing genes and their differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms
4- How to choose good villages and what are their most important specifications
5- The basis of the work of the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) device
Secondly, the practical part
1- How to access the National Center of Biotechnology Information (NCBI)
2- Choosing the Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) gene as a model to conduct its badi design process
3- Identification of the DHFR enzyme expressed by the gene
4- Obtaining traces of the nitrogenous bases of the gene
5- Access to the software for the design of Al-Bawadi (Primer3Plus)
6- Bawadi design
7- Choosing the best valleys
A workshop entitled (Principle of Primers Design in Prokaryotes) was held in Marine Biology Department, Marine Science Centre, on 7/11/2022. The workshop has been done by Lecturer Rafid M. Karim and Lecturer Najim Mohsn Aziz. And it covered the following topics:
A) The theoretical part, which included:
1- Introduction about primers
2- The importance of primers
3- Introduction about genes and its differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
4- How to select good primers and its features
5- Principle of work of PCR device
B) practical part, which included:
1- How to go online to National Center of Biotechnology Information (NCBI)
2- Select the gene Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) as a sample for design specific primers for it.
3- Introduction about the Dihydrofolate reductase which is expressed by DHFR gene
4- get on nucleic acid sequences of the gene
5- How to go online to the software Primer3Plus
6- Design of primers
7- How to select the typical primers