Department at the Marine Science Center at the University of Basrah, held a lecture entitled Nutritional Enrichment and the Flourishing of Harmful Algae in the Shatt Al-Arab Waters, presented by Dr. Imad Jassem Al-Shawi.  Which led in conjunction with the availability of some environmental conditions, such as the high salinity of the water significantly and the availability of suitable temperature for the growth and flourishing of harmful algae, which led to the coloration of the water in brown.  This happened in 2015 and increased in following years. The lecture also included a presentation of the history of this phenomenon was happened  in the the Arabian Gulf states and Iran Marine waters.